Artificial turf a design npawt tara ni gaw shingra tara turf a hkrang masa, bungli galaw ai lam, jai lang ai makau grup yin ni hpe hkrak tup sawk sagawn ai kaw nna pru wa ai re. Material science, structural engineering, hte lamu ga hkrang bung sumla ni hpe organic hku hpawng de ai hku nna, grai teng man ai lamu ga shingnip hpe gawgap ai, shingra tara hkai sun hpe hkrang shapraw ai, jak rung bungli galaw ai lam, grup yin hpe htuk manu hkra galaw lu ai lam ni hta shingdaw ai. Shi a madung gaw, shingra tara rawt jat galu kaba wa ai lam a shadawn sharam lam ni hpe lai di lu ai sha n-ga, shingra tara hkai sun a akyu ara ni hpe artificial masa hta bai gram lajang na matu rai nna, dai hku nna masa amyu myu hta ngang grin ai jai lang ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe hkap la lu na matu re.
Design galaw ai shaloi madung myit yu ra ai lam gaw, hkrang bung sumla hpe shingdaw ai lam hte hkam sha lam hpe shingdaw yu ai lam re. Natural turf blades ni hta, laksan n-gun, n-gun, nsam garan ginhka ai lam ni nga ai; artificial turf gaw shi a n-gang ni a hkrang, n-gun, lajang da ai lam, ntsa na nsam ni hpe hkrak hkrak shingdaw ra ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun ja ai polymer ni hpe monofilament (sh) mesh fiber ni hku nna shapraw kau chye ai. N bung ai cross-sectional design ni hte nsam ni hpe shingdaw ai hku nna, tsan tsan kaw nna mung, ni htep ai hku hkra ai shaloi mung, shingra tara hku nna hpraw tsawm ai hte n-gun ja ai nsam hpe shapraw ya lu ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun rawng ai fiber tsaw ai hte n-gun rawng ai lam gaw, tsawm htap ai lam hpe hkra machyi shangun ai sha n-ga, madi shadaw ai lam hte ngang grin ai lam hpe mung hkrak sha matut mahkai nga ai.
Lahkawng ngu na hta, npawt nhpang layering hte bungli galaw ai lam hta jawm galaw ai lam gaw ahkyak dik rai nga ai. Artificial turf hta madung hku nna hpun n-gang n-gang, infill n-gang, npawt nhpang n-gang ni lawm ai. Grass fiber layer gaw madung hku nna mu lu ai hte hkra lu ai lam ni hpe lit la nga ai; infill layer gaw, quartz nhpu, rubber nlung, shing nrai kaga elastic media ni hte galaw da ai rai nna, n-gun n rawng ai, bai nhtang wa ai, hte -n-gun n rawng ai atsam ni hpe jaw ya nna, hpun n-gun ni hpe dingyang nga lu hkra karum ya ai; npawt nhpang layer gaw, n-gun ja ai, hka lim ai madi shadaw ai npu hpe jaw ya nna, law law lang mesh hpun nba, hka n shang ai shingnip, hte n-gun rawng ai layer hku nna, yawng hpe ngang grin hkra galaw ya lu ai. Layer langai hpra a n-gun, elastic modulus, hte load response ni hpe design galaw ai aten hta hkrak hkrak shadawn shadang tawn da ra ai, dai hku galaw yang, n bung ai lang ai n-gun atsam ni a npu e, n bung ai hku galaw lu na re.
Dai hta n-ga, grup yin hpe galai shai lu ai atsam hte bungli galaw ai lam hpe ngang grin hkra galaw lu ai atsam gaw ahkyak nga ai. Dai hkrang shapraw ai lam hta, ultraviolet radiation, nbung katsi ai hte nbung katsi ai galai shai ai lam, marang htu ai lam, awu asin byin ai lam ni a akyu ni hpe tup hkrak myit yu ra ai, aten galu-lang lang ai shaloi, n-gun yawm mat ai, n-gun yawm mat ai, shing nrai, n-gun yawm mat ai hpe pat shingdang na matu, arung arai ni hpe galai shai ai hku nna nbung laru hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ra ai. Ginsup ginsup shara ni a matu, ginsup ginsup shara ni hta hkala nba byin wa na masa hpe shayawm lu na matu, jak rung sawk sagawn ai lam hpe madung tawn nna, htap htuk ai coefficients of friction hte impact absorption rates ni hpe masat da ra ai; lamu ga shingra tara shara ni a matu, grup yin shingra tara hte nsam htuk manu ai hku kahkyin gumdin lam hpe madung tawn ai.
Yawng hpe yu yang, artificial turf a design principle gaw, biomimicry hpe madung tawn nna, arung arai lata ai lam, npawt nhpang hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai lam, bungli galaw ai lam ni hpe gram lajang ai lam ni hpe hpawng de nna, tsawm htap ai lam, ngang grin ai lam, shim lum lam ni hpe rap ra hkra galaw ai hkum tsup ai hparan ladat hpe shabyin ya ai. Ndai hkrang masa myit masa gaw, nbung laru hte lit kaba ai masa amyu myu a npu e, shingra tara hpun ni hte ni htep ai jai lang ai mahkrum madup hpe matut manoi jaw ya lu ai, dai ni na aten na shara gawgap na matu kam mai ai artificial greening lam ni hpe jaw ya lu ai.
